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<pubdate>September 24, 2018</pubdate>
<title>Reddish Egret Foraging Habitat in Florida</title>
<geoform>vector digital data</geoform>
<origin>Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission: Fish and Wildlife Research Institute</origin>
<onlink>http://myfwc.com/research</onlink>
<onlink>https://wildlife.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jwmg.21577</onlink>
</citeinfo>
</citation>
<descript>
<supplinf>Prior to July 1, 2004, the Fish and Wildlife Research Institute (FWRI) was known as the Florida Marine Research Institute (FMRI). The institute name has not been changed in historical data sets or references to work completed by the Florida Marine Research Institute. The institute name has been changed in references to ongoing research, new research, and contact information.</supplinf>
<abstract>These data represent the potential foraging habitat of the reddish egret (Egretta rufescens) in Core Foraging Areas, defined as foraging habitat within 15 miles (24 km) of reddish egret colongies that have been active in the past 5 years. Data are modeled from field survey observations of nesting and foraging habits during November 2015 to June 2016.</abstract>
<purpose>These data were developed to inform management and conservation efforts to preserve and protect the reddish egret (Egretta rufescens), which the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission listed as threatened in 2016.</purpose>
</descript>
<status>
<progress>Complete</progress>
<update>None planned</update>
</status>
<accconst>These data are unrestricted. Where possible, always acquire this dataset directly from FWC as other sources may have altered the original data.</accconst>
<useconst>Users are encouraged to read and fully comprehend the metadata record prior to using these data. Please acknowledge the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) as the data source for any products developed from these data. Users should be aware that comparison with other data sets for the same area may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in mapping conventions, data collection techniques, and computer processes over time. FWC shall not be liable for improper or incorrect use of these data.</useconst>
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<themekey>Egretta rufescens</themekey>
<themekey>reddish egret</themekey>
<themekey>wading birds</themekey>
<themekey>nest site selection</themekey>
<themekey>foraging habitat</themekey>
<themekt>FWC Theme</themekt>
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<themekey>biota</themekey>
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<cntper>GISLibrarian</cntper>
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<cntpos>GIS Data Librarian</cntpos>
<cntaddr>
<addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype>
<address>Fish and Wildlife Research Institute</address>
<address>100 Eighth Avenue Southeast</address>
<city>St. Petersburg</city>
<state>Florida</state>
<postal>33701</postal>
</cntaddr>
<cntvoice>727-896-8626</cntvoice>
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<cntemail>GISLibrarian@MyFWC.com</cntemail>
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<smdistnm>Available without restriction</smdistnm>
<distliab>This data set is in the public domain, and the recipient may not assert any proprietary rights thereto nor represent it to anyone as other than a Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission produced data set; it is provided "as-is" without warranty of any kind, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The user assumes all responsibility for the accuracy and suitability of this data set for a specific application. In no event will the staff of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission be liable for any damages, including lost profits, lost savings, or other incidental or consequential damages arising from the use of or the inability to use this data set. </distliab>
<stdorder>
<fees>None. However, persons or organizations requesting information must provide transfer media if FTP is not available and must pay express shipping costs if express shipping is required.</fees>
<ordering>Contact GIS Librarian by e-mail, telephone, or letter explaining which products are needed and providing a brief description of how the products will be used. Also, provide name and address of the person or organization requesting the products.</ordering>
<turnarnd>Usually within 10 business days, although, complex requests may take longer</turnarnd>
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<cntper>GISLibrarian</cntper>
</cntperp>
<cntpos>GIS Data Librarian</cntpos>
<cntaddr>
<addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype>
<address>Fish and Wildlife Research Institute</address>
<address>100 Eighth Avenue Southeast</address>
<city>St. Petersburg</city>
<state>Florida</state>
<postal>33701</postal>
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<cntvoice>727-896-8626</cntvoice>
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<address>100 Eighth Avenue Southeast</address>
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<srccitea>Nest Site Selection</srccitea>
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<begdate>201511</begdate>
<enddate>201606</enddate>
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<citeinfo>
<title>Nest Site Selection by Redding Egrets in Florida</title>
<onlink>https://wildlife.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jwmg.21577</onlink>
<origin>W. ANDREW COX, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission</origin>
<origin>BRITTANY BANKOVICH, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission</origin>
<origin>KATIE MALACHOWSKI, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission</origin>
<origin>AMY SCHWARZER, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission</origin>
<origin>ANN PAUL, Florida Coastal Islands Sanctuaries, Audubon Florida</origin>
<origin>MARK RACHAL, Florida Coastal Islands Sanctuaries, Audubon Florida</origin>
<origin>JEROME J. LORENZ, Everglades Science Center, Audubon Florida</origin>
<origin>KENNETH D. MEYER, Avian Research and Conservation Institute</origin>
<pubdate>20180924</pubdate>
<geoform>document</geoform>
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<procstep>
<procdesc>Sites were surveyed using the protocols outlined in Cox, W. A., A. Schwarzer, R. Kiltie, A. Paul, M. Rachal, G. M. Kent, K. D. Meyer, J. J. Lorenz, P. E. Frezza, H. Rafferty, and S. Roebling. 2017. Development of a survey protocol for monitoring reddish egrets (Egretta rufescens) in Florida, USA. Waterbirds 40:334–343.
Surveys took place between November 2015 - June 2016</procdesc>
<procdate>201511 - 201606</procdate>
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<cntinfo>
<cntvoice>352-334-4241</cntvoice>
<cntemail>Andrew.Cox@MyFWC.com</cntemail>
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<address>Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission</address>
<address>1105 SW Williston Road</address>
<addrtype>mailing address</addrtype>
<city>Gainesville</city>
<state>FL</state>
<postal>32608</postal>
<country>USA</country>
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<cntper>Cox, W. Andrew</cntper>
<cntorg>Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission: Fish and Wildlife Research Institute</cntorg>
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<cntpos>Avian Biologist</cntpos>
<hours>Monday - Friday 8:00 AM - 5:00 PM Eastern Time</hours>
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<procdesc>We obtained all spatial covariates using ArcGIS 10.3.1 (Esri, Redlands, CA, USA). We defined used islands as those with reddish egrets present and available islands as those containing any other nesting species of wading bird. We treated islands unoccupied by wading birds as unavailable because we did not observe appropriate nesting substrate at many of the sites and they were therefore clearly not potential breeding wading bird habitat. We calculated island area using the Florida shoreline data set (Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, http://geodata.myfwc.com/datasets/florida-shoreline-1-to-40000-scale) and used aerial imagery to digitize islands not included in the Florida coastline data set. We obtained LiDAR data (U.S. Geological Survey [https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/] and Florida Division of Emergency Management [http://fldem.ihrc.fiu.edu/fldemlidar20120119/Default.aspx]) and calculated the average vegetation height on islands for which data were available (current LiDAR imagery is not available for all of coastal Florida). We calculated Euclidean distances of all islands to the Florida mainland and to natural, deep channels (defined as =2 m) only in Florida Bay and the Lower Florida Keys because breeding sites in other regions were often on spoil islands, which are always proximate to deep channels.
We used the foraging model presented by Bates et al. (2016) as a template for our foraging model but made a number of substantial deviations because of differences in data availability or quality. We first merged bathymetry data (U.S. Geological Survey, https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/flash/bathy-entireFLSH.html, https://sofia.usgs.gov/projects/index.php?project_url=bathymetry) with benthic areas (all seagrass, oyster reefs, unconsolidated bottom; Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, https://ocean.floridamarine.org/mrgis/) that are considered suitable for foraging reddish egrets. Bates et al. (2016) considered only patchy rather than all seagrass areas as suitable, but this resulted in essentially no foraging habitat in the Florida Bay, where a substantial portion of Florida’s reddish egret population resides. Similarly, reddish egrets typically forage in water &lt;0.25 m deep (Lowther and Paul 2002), but preliminary efforts to restrict foraging habitat to such shallow depths resulted in essentially no foraging habitats being identified, because bathymetry layers lacked the precision necessary to map such shallow water at a statewide scale. We therefore considered low-tide depths of &lt;1 m as suitable for foraging. The relaxed assumptions for seagrass and water depth likely overestimated the amount of foraging habitat across the state but provided an approximation that was consistent with our a priori understanding of where foraging flats are found. We then calculated the percent of available foraging habitat within 1-, 5-, and 10-km buffers around islands because we were unsure of the appropriate scale of selection by reddish egrets (McGarigal et al. 2016).</procdesc>
<procsv>ArcGIS 10.3.1</procsv>
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<srcinfo>
<srccite>
<citeinfo>
<origin>Bates, E. M., L. M. Koczur, A. Krainyk, B. M. Ballard, and A. C. Kasner</origin>
<origin>International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation</origin>
<pubdate>2016</pubdate>
<title>Spatial and temportal dynamics of foraging habitat availability for reddish egrets in the Laguna Madre, Texas</title>
<serinfo>
<issue>8</issue>
</serinfo>
<pubinfo>
<publish>International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation</publish>
</pubinfo>
<othercit>Bates, E. M., L. M. Koczur, A. Krainyk, B. M. Ballard, and A. C. Kasner. 2016. Spatial and temporal dynamics of foraging habitat availability for reddish egrets in the Laguna Madre, Texas. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation 8:251–258.</othercit>
</citeinfo>
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<srccontr>Model for foraging habitat</srccontr>
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</lineage>
<attracc>
<attraccr>All data provided were selected for the model grid value = 1, which represents the presence of reddish egret foraging habitat. The data were then disolved.</attraccr>
</attracc>
<logic>These data appear to be topologically logical.</logic>
<complete>these data are complete as delivered and published 12/10/2018</complete>
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<resFees>None. However, persons or organizations requesting information must provide transfer media if FTP is not available and must pay express shipping costs if express shipping is required.</resFees>
<ordInstr>Contact GIS Librarian by e-mail, telephone, or letter explaining which products are needed and providing a brief description of how the products will be used. Also, provide name and address of the person or organization requesting the products.</ordInstr>
<ordTurn>Usually within 10 business days, although, complex requests may take longer</ordTurn>
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<idAbs>&lt;DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;These data represent the potential foraging habitat of the reddish egret (Egretta rufescens) in Core Foraging Areas, defined as foraging habitat within 15 miles (24 km) of reddish egret colonies that have been active in the past 5 years. Data are modeled from field survey observations of nesting and foraging habits during November 2015 to June 2016.&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;</idAbs>
<idPurp>These data were developed to inform management and conservation efforts to preserve and protect the reddish egret (Egretta rufescens), which the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission listed as threatened in 2016.</idPurp>
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<keyword>nest site selection</keyword>
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<keyword>biota</keyword>
<keyword>wading birds</keyword>
<keyword>nest site selection</keyword>
<keyword>Florida</keyword>
<keyword>Egretta rufescens</keyword>
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<useLimit>This data set is in the public domain, and the recipient may not assert any proprietary rights thereto nor represent it to anyone as other than a Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission produced data set; it is provided "as-is" without warranty of any kind, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The user assumes all responsibility for the accuracy and suitability of this data set for a specific application. In no event will the staff of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission be liable for any damages, including lost profits, lost savings, or other incidental or consequential damages arising from the use of or the inability to use this data set.</useLimit>
<othConsts>These data are unrestricted. Where possible, always acquire this dataset directly from FWC as other sources may have altered the original data.</othConsts>
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<useLimit>&lt;DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;Users are encouraged to read and fully comprehend the metadata record prior to using these data. Please acknowledge the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) as the data source for any products developed from these data. Users should be aware that comparison with other data sets for the same area may be inaccurate due to inconsistencies resulting from changes in mapping conventions, data collection techniques, and computer processes over time. FWC shall not be liable for improper or incorrect use of these data.&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;</useLimit>
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</dataExt>
<suppInfo>Prior to July 1, 2004, the Fish and Wildlife Research Institute (FWRI) was known as the Florida Marine Research Institute (FMRI). The institute name has not been changed in historical data sets or references to work completed by the Florida Marine Research Institute. The institute name has been changed in references to ongoing research, new research, and contact information.</suppInfo>
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<othConsts>No restrictions on metadata</othConsts>
</LegConsts>
</mdConst>
<mdConst>
<SecConsts>
<classSys>FWRI-MC</classSys>
<handDesc>Metadata must be distributed with the data set.</handDesc>
</SecConsts>
</mdConst>
<mdConst>
<Consts>
<useLimit>Metadata must be distributed with the data set.</useLimit>
</Consts>
</mdConst>
<dqInfo>
<dqScope>
<scpLvl>
<ScopeCd value="005"/>
</scpLvl>
</dqScope>
<report type="DQTopConsis">
<evalMethDesc>These data appear to be topologically logical.</evalMethDesc>
</report>
<report type="DQConcConsis">
<measDesc>These data appear to be topologically logical.</measDesc>
</report>
<report type="DQCompOm">
<measDesc>these data are complete as delivered and published 12/10/2018</measDesc>
</report>
<report type="DQQuanAttAcc">
<measDesc>All data provided were selected for the model grid value = 1, which represents the presence of reddish egret foraging habitat. The data were then disolved.</measDesc>
</report>
<dataLineage>
<prcStep>
<stepDesc>Sites were surveyed using the protocols outlined in Cox, W. A., A. Schwarzer, R. Kiltie, A. Paul, M. Rachal, G. M. Kent, K. D. Meyer, J. J. Lorenz, P. E. Frezza, H. Rafferty, and S. Roebling. 2017. Development of a survey protocol for monitoring reddish egrets (Egretta rufescens) in Florida, USA. Waterbirds 40:334–343. Surveys took place between November 2015 - June 2016</stepDesc>
</prcStep>
<dataSource>
<srcDesc>Model for foraging habitat</srcDesc>
<srcMedName>
<MedNameCd value="027"/>
</srcMedName>
<srcCitatn>
<resTitle>Spatial and temportal dynamics of foraging habitat availability for reddish egrets in the Laguna Madre, Texas</resTitle>
<resAltTitle>model</resAltTitle>
<date>
<pubDate>2016-01-01</pubDate>
</date>
<citRespParty>
<rpOrgName>International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation</rpOrgName>
<role>
<RoleCd value="010"/>
</role>
</citRespParty>
<citRespParty>
<rpOrgName>International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation</rpOrgName>
<role>
<RoleCd value="006"/>
</role>
</citRespParty>
<citRespParty>
<rpOrgName>Bates, E. M., L. M. Koczur, A. Krainyk, B. M. Ballard, and A. C. Kasner</rpOrgName>
<role>
<RoleCd value="006"/>
</role>
</citRespParty>
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<issId>8</issId>
</datasetSeries>
<otherCitDet>Bates, E. M., L. M. Koczur, A. Krainyk, B. M. Ballard, and A. C. Kasner. 2016. Spatial and temporal dynamics of foraging habitat availability for reddish egrets in the Laguna Madre, Texas. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation 8:251–258.</otherCitDet>
</srcCitatn>
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<exDesc>publication date</exDesc>
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<tmPosition>2016-01-01</tmPosition>
</TM_Instant>
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</dataSource>
<dataSource>
<srcDesc>publication of source study</srcDesc>
<srcMedName>
<MedNameCd value="015"/>
</srcMedName>
<srcCitatn>
<resTitle>Nest Site Selection by Redding Egrets in Florida</resTitle>
<resAltTitle>Nest Site Selection</resAltTitle>
<date>
<pubDate>2018-09-24</pubDate>
</date>
<citRespParty>
<rpOrgName>KATIE MALACHOWSKI, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission</rpOrgName>
<role>
<RoleCd value="006"/>
</role>
</citRespParty>
<citRespParty>
<rpOrgName>ANN PAUL, Florida Coastal Islands Sanctuaries, Audubon Florida</rpOrgName>
<role>
<RoleCd value="006"/>
</role>
</citRespParty>
<citRespParty>
<rpOrgName>JEROME J. LORENZ, Everglades Science Center, Audubon Florida</rpOrgName>
<role>
<RoleCd value="006"/>
</role>
</citRespParty>
<citRespParty>
<rpOrgName>KENNETH D. MEYER, Avian Research and Conservation Institute</rpOrgName>
<role>
<RoleCd value="006"/>
</role>
</citRespParty>
<citRespParty>
<rpOrgName>W. ANDREW COX, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission</rpOrgName>
<role>
<RoleCd value="006"/>
</role>
</citRespParty>
<citRespParty>
<rpOrgName>AMY SCHWARZER, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission</rpOrgName>
<role>
<RoleCd value="006"/>
</role>
</citRespParty>
<citRespParty>
<rpOrgName>BRITTANY BANKOVICH, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission</rpOrgName>
<role>
<RoleCd value="006"/>
</role>
</citRespParty>
<citRespParty>
<rpOrgName>MARK RACHAL, Florida Coastal Islands Sanctuaries, Audubon Florida</rpOrgName>
<role>
<RoleCd value="006"/>
</role>
</citRespParty>
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</presForm>
<presForm>
<fgdcGeoform>document</fgdcGeoform>
</presForm>
<citOnlineRes>
<linkage>https://wildlife.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jwmg.21577</linkage>
</citOnlineRes>
</srcCitatn>
<srcExt>
<exDesc>ground condition</exDesc>
<tempEle>
<TempExtent>
<exTemp>
<TM_Period>
<tmBegin>2015-11-01</tmBegin>
<tmEnd>2016-06-01</tmEnd>
</TM_Period>
</exTemp>
</TempExtent>
</tempEle>
</srcExt>
</dataSource>
<prcStep>
<stepDesc>We obtained all spatial covariates using ArcGIS 10.3.1 (Esri, Redlands, CA, USA). We defined used islands as those with reddish egrets present and available islands as those containing any other nesting species of wading bird. We treated islands unoccupied by wading birds as unavailable because we did not observe appropriate nesting substrate at many of the sites and they were therefore clearly not potential breeding wading bird habitat. We calculated island area using the Florida shoreline data set (Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, http://geodata.myfwc.com/datasets/florida-shoreline-1-to-40000-scale) and used aerial imagery to digitize islands not included in the Florida coastline data set. We obtained LiDAR data (U.S. Geological Survey [https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/] and Florida Division of Emergency Management [http://fldem.ihrc.fiu.edu/fldemlidar20120119/Default.aspx]) and calculated the average vegetation height on islands for which data were available (current LiDAR imagery is not available for all of coastal Florida). We calculated Euclidean distances of all islands to the Florida mainland and to natural, deep channels (defined as =2 m) only in Florida Bay and the Lower Florida Keys because breeding sites in other regions were often on spoil islands, which are always proximate to deep channels. We used the foraging model presented by Bates et al. (2016) as a template for our foraging model but made a number of substantial deviations because of differences in data availability or quality. We first merged bathymetry data (U.S. Geological Survey, https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/flash/bathy-entireFLSH.html, https://sofia.usgs.gov/projects/index.php?project_url=bathymetry) with benthic areas (all seagrass, oyster reefs, unconsolidated bottom; Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, https://ocean.floridamarine.org/mrgis/) that are considered suitable for foraging reddish egrets. Bates et al. (2016) considered only patchy rather than all seagrass areas as suitable, but this resulted in essentially no foraging habitat in the Florida Bay, where a substantial portion of Florida’s reddish egret population resides. Similarly, reddish egrets typically forage in water &lt;0.25 m deep (Lowther and Paul 2002), but preliminary efforts to restrict foraging habitat to such shallow depths resulted in essentially no foraging habitats being identified, because bathymetry layers lacked the precision necessary to map such shallow water at a statewide scale. We therefore considered low-tide depths of &lt;1 m as suitable for foraging. The relaxed assumptions for seagrass and water depth likely overestimated the amount of foraging habitat across the state but provided an approximation that was consistent with our a priori understanding of where foraging flats are found. We then calculated the percent of available foraging habitat within 1-, 5-, and 10-km buffers around islands because we were unsure of the appropriate scale of selection by reddish egrets (McGarigal et al. 2016).</stepDesc>
<stepDateTm>2017-01-01</stepDateTm>
<stepProc>
<rpIndName>Cox, W. Andrew</rpIndName>
<rpOrgName>Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission: Fish and Wildlife Research Institute</rpOrgName>
<rpPosName>Avian Biologist</rpPosName>
<rpCntInfo>
<cntPhone>
<voiceNum>352-334-4241</voiceNum>
</cntPhone>
<cntAddress addressType="postal">
<delPoint>Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission</delPoint>
<delPoint>1105 SW Williston Road</delPoint>
<city>Gainesville</city>
<adminArea>FL</adminArea>
<postCode>32608</postCode>
<country>US</country>
<eMailAdd>Andrew.Cox@MyFWC.com</eMailAdd>
</cntAddress>
<cntHours>Monday - Friday 8:00 AM - 5:00 PM Eastern Time</cntHours>
</rpCntInfo>
<role>
<RoleCd value="009"/>
</role>
</stepProc>
</prcStep>
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<CreaDate>20230130</CreaDate>
<CreaTime>15030000</CreaTime>
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